Terms of Trade Between Australia and China- MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Expound on theTerms of Trade Between Australia and China. Answer: Presentation China is one of Australias most significant exchanging accomplices. In 2015, the nation represented 28.8% of Australias exchange, which additionally denoted a 8% expansion in exchange more than five years. The significance of china as Australias primary exchange accomplice is featured by the way that the following greatest accomplice, Japan, just represented not exactly 50% of what China exchanged with Australia (DFAT, 2017). This has not generally been the situation. The fast development of chinas economy has been reflected in the countrys quick industrialization, and continuous difference in the nation structure a provincial to increasingly urbanized populace. We as a whole see how China has been up and coming as far as innovation and with the sort of labor they have, they without a doubt ought to be driving. As this occurred, chinas interest for materials utilized in framework improvement, transport and power has developed. Australia is one of chinas most significant merchants in iron mineral. This has been utilized to control the development blast in the nation, while of the fares that Australia sends to China, 13% records for coal, used to create vitality for the different production lines (DFAT, 2017). China isn't just bringing in things from Australia. As of now, 25% of every fabricated import originate from china. The relationship is likewise changing, so the two nations don't just trade crude materials in return for completed divine beings. Rather, they have had the option to exchange administrations, for example, the travel industry and redistributing openings. China has throughout the years developed to turn into the greatest beneficiary of Australias training administrations (Holmes, 2017). Realities Affecting Trade Between Australia and China Size and Orientation of Economy One of the most significant elements that influence a countrys level of exchange with another is the size of the economy of the exchanging accomplice. China is one of the super force nations with an exceptional number in populace and even monetary development. The Chinese economy has been developing at a rate not coordinated by local nations, or even somewhere else on the planet. Since the monetary changes began during the 1970s and 1980s, China has surpassed most western economies and Japan as the second greatest economy, and at times, as the greatest economy on the globe. This financial force has implied that the countrys populace can buy imports, while likewise having the option to deliver great merchandise that the nation can send out (Roy Chatterjee, 2007). This is valid, particularly to underdeveloped nations where they significantly depend on essential needs from China. The Growth in the Chinese economy will in this manner effectsly affect the Australian economy since, as depicted above; Australia is vigorously dependent on china as a goal of its items. The lessening in the degree of financial development has influenced the customary fares to china negatively.The loan fees and the money rate have genuinely influenced the fares also. These incorporate coal, iron mineral and other crude materials. As China currently attempts to build up a great money related area, the perfect instructive arrangement and by and large upgrade different administrations to coordinate world administrations, it has gone to Australia. Australia has an exceptionally evolved budgetary division, a stable monetary development, slow yet without a doubt stable which is sometimes considered among the best on the planet (Roy Chatterjee, 2007). Populace The issue of populace is intently attached to the financial size of a nation. While a nation like Singapore or even Japan has a higher GNP/Capita that is a lot higher than chinas, their market isn't as extensive as the one offered by China. This implies China is probably going to deliver more individuals with the capacity to buy Australian items or contrarily, produce Australia bound merchandise than in increasingly created nations with littler populaces (Roy Chatterjee, 2007). The higher the populace the higher the exchange as the interest/showcase should be provided for their requirements. This would reflect legitimately to Australia as far as increments in tax collection to government and GNP when all is said in done. Geological Location Another factor that has prompted the expanded volumes of exchange among China and Australia is the physical separation between the two nations. While the European Union and the United States may offer serious or far better rates than what China offers, the two nations are situated close to one another. This imply china is probably going to show signs of improvement bargains for coal by bringing in it from Australia, rather than getting it from different nations, for example, Pakistan. The equivalent goes for other massive imports and fares. The significance of land vicinity is additionally featured by the way that a huge level of the cost of coal sent out to China from Australia represents the expense of transportation all things considered, barely any different nations are probably going to prevail with regards to usurping Australias position, since the vehicle costs will make their costs uncompetitive (Roy Chatterjee, 2007).With this at the top of the priority list, we ought to con sider even the time it takes for the coal to be moved from Australia to China, the shorter the separation the lower the expense and furthermore the higher the volumes of coal shipped. This factor is a helpful to the two nations partaking in exchange. Normal Resources As referenced somewhere else in the paper, Australias fares to china have been commanded by crude materials. In fact, Australia sends out crude materials to a few different nations, while utilizing its regular assets to create different items, for example, dairy items and meat, likewise profoundly well known in china. China is an assembling nation and economy all in all and as of now has an immense hunger for things, for example, coal to control its businesses, steel for development and so on. This is on the grounds that work is very modest and moderate in China than anyplace else on the planet. Also, it has confronted an expanding need to give quality food to its blossoming working class, in this manner requiring the importation from Australia of meat and dairy items. All things considered, without the characteristic assets that Australia is enriched with, it may not be as solid an exchanging accomplice as it at present seems to be. The move in chinas economy to cover different regions, for example, money related administrations and training is just beginning, and it will take a very long time before it tends to be considered to have totally moved (Reilly Yuan, 2012). Exchange Agreements Exchange understandings are likewise ordinarily alluded to as the exchange settlements. These understandings regularly in speculations between two nations incorporate different taxes, duty and unhindered commerce bargains. As of late, both china and Australia have distinguished the significance of exchange understandings to improve the volume of exchange. Subsequently, the degree of exchange has altogether improved since the two nations marked economic accords that have expelled or limited the majority of the obstruction of exchange. Under the understanding, most imports from either nation are not liable to duties that would ordinarily apply to other WTO individuals (Reilly Yuan, 2012). The situation above was seen when china evacuated all import taxes on Australian meat. China has restricted hamburger from the Unites States and Brazil, over distraught dairy animals fears. Australian hamburger is exceptionally esteemed, henceforth the interest from china. By evacuating the exchange hindrances, the normal yield of Australian ranchers has definitely expanded, further improving the exchange ties between the two nations. Legislative issues Legislative issues is a significant determinant of exchange volumes between nations. The current monetary improvement in china has been fuelled fundamentally by political and social changes that occurred after the first long stretches of Maoist guideline. The nation has now received a monetary model that is progressively perfect with western models, and with the Australian business viewpoint. This has prompted upgraded monetary development as private endeavor developed. The political connection among china and Australia has continuously improved throughout the years, as the world moved out of the virus war. Simultaneously, china has opened up additional, and turned out to be increasingly available not simply financially, socially as well. For example, Australia gets an immense number of visitors consistently, huge numbers of who many start from china. The capacity to travel is a result of the political changes and all the more so strength in the nation, just as the solid ties between the two nations. China and Australia exchange is still assailed by significant issues that emerge from their political and social contrasts. Australia is generally a partner of the US in provincial governmental issues. For example, china requests that all nations with which it has political connections to perceive Taiwan as a piece of china. Any dealings with Taiwan are disapproved of. Australia has on certain events been at loggerheads with Taiwan on this. Simultaneously, the connection among china and Australia has been risky because of human rights and vote based system issues. While not fundamentally influencing exchange, they are as yet significant contemplations in future. China has additionally embraced a progressively aggressive stance towards its neighbors, corresponding to regional cases and military activities. These issues have frightened American partners in the locale, including Australia. At last, the contrasts among china and the west will hugy affect the eventual fate of exchange among china and Australia. Simultaneously, the nation faces rivalry from different nations, which have likewise recognized china as a significant exchanging accomplice. These nations are exploiting the financial move revealed in this paper, to upgrade exchange among themselves and china. Less expensive wellsprings of crude materials from different nations in Asia, Africa and South America are additionally accessible, conceivably compromising the hold that Australia has on the Chinese import showcase (Wang, 2012). Different variables Following quite a long while of exchange, Australian organizations have come to see how the Chinese market functions. Crucia

Argument Essay Death Penalty Essay Example

Contention Essay Death Penalty Essay Example Contention Essay Death Penalty Essay Contention Essay Death Penalty Essay Nicole Stewart Argument paper â€Å"The Death Penalty capital punishment otherwise called the Capital discipline has been contended that it is simply to satisfy a longing for retribution. Additionally numerous individuals regularly addressed whether its reasonable or not to proceed with capital punishment. Regardless of whether the discipline is lawful, it relies on whether the discipline fills an admirable sentiment or need of an arrangement. Capital punishment has been continuing for quite a long time, and as the years pass by, numerous different states are beginning to make capital punishment legitimate. I for one feel that the court framework should cease capital punishment. Capital punishment just permits us to expand the torment. It permits us to keep on accusing each other, to betray each other, to figure out how to detest better. In spite of the fact that capital punishment rebuffs them for what they previously done, its indistinct that the killer has a similar option to live as their casualty. Numerous individuals says that its less expensive to send an individual waiting for capital punishment than to keep a criminal in for detainment without an opportunities for parole. Despite the fact that its less expensive to do capital punishment, it doesn't mean for the court framework to choose to murder an individual. Its essentially doing likewise as the killer was doing, yet its increasingly legitimate. Today, capital punishment is as yet dubious as a rule if its fair or unreasonable. Should a killer get his own life taken or should it be called barbarous uncommon discipline. I frequently wonder if the Capitol discipline is an approach to seek retribution for what the killers have done to their casualties, which makes me question against the constitution. Regardless of how capital punishment is completed, I feel as though no man ought to have the ability to pass judgment and sentence another to death. In spite of the fact that, what the killers has done was wrong, I want to be in jail forever is sufficient discipline for them.

Girlguiding UK anmd the Scout association Essay

Girlguiding UK anmd the Scout affiliation - Essay Example The crusade is a reason based online support that will require mechanical assets to run the battle easily and viably with no issues. For this reason, some financing will be required to spread the message in focused territories. The crusade messages will for the most part imply the monetary advantage that young may secure from gathering garbage material from homes or networks, and the manner in which these garbage materials can be transformed into valuable things, for example, soft drink jars into pencil containers, oilcans into dustbins, papers into sacks, and so forth. The battle will just utilize online stage, especially internet based life, for example, Facebook and Twitter to spread the message to youth enrolled with the Scout Association and Girlguiding UK who will at that point become represetatives of the crusade to spread message to a few others in similar networks and social orders. The Association will likewise make official pages of the battle that will have little tests, games, and so on to impact youth. One of the significant key presentation pointers will be investment of youth via web-based networking media pages that will permit the Association to decide level of reach among the focused on crowd. The second key marker will be the measure of subsidizing that Associations will secure by gathering and selling garbage material. The Association (Girlguiding UK, 2013; The Scout Association, 2013) has a sensible number of prepared educating and non-instructing staff that is one of its qualities. In addition, the Association’s focuses are situated at various areas that are available for youth just as their folks helpfully. Abundant of learning assets is accessible as human and learning assets at these focuses. Regardless of numerous battles, one of the significant shortcomings of the Association is absence of network contribution that has not permitted the affiliation initiative to accomplish its objectives completely before (World Scout Bureau, 1998, pp.

Reaction To Article Neurochemical Effects Of Bath Salt - 275 Words

Reaction To Article: Neurochemical Effects Of Bath Salt (Article Critique Sample) Content: ARTICLE REACTIONNameInstitutional AffiliationDateI have chosen to react on a peer-reviewed journal on Long-term cognitive and neurochemical effects of bath salt  designer drugs methylone and mephedrone  (den Hollander et al., 2013). The principal goal for doing this studies was to examine the long-term effects that might probably be caused by the use of cathinone- derivative designer drugs. In the recent past, use of methylone and mephedrone has risen rapidly making this study very relevant in regards to the effects that this drugs will cause to users in the event they are used for a long period. The study went ahead to examine the effects of the drugs on the brain neurochemistry in the long run. The investigation was carried out in both mice and rats. The animals were treated with methylone or mephedrone in a binge-like schedule two times in a day for four days in doses of 30mg/Kg (den Hollander et al., 2013).Behavioral memory tests were later carried out after two weeks that also included tests of nervousness and depression. The levels of serotonin (5-HT), dopamine (DA),  their metabolites as well as norepinephrine (NE) in the brain. In rats, the levels of DA transporter (5-HTT and DAT)  were similarly measured by mazindol binding with [3H] paroxetine (den Hollander et al., 2013). The outcome was a reduction in the performance of memory in the spontaneous alternation T-maze task  while it had no effect on the neurotransmitter levels other than a decline in the levels of striatal homovanillic acid (HVA) of about 22 % in mice. It was hence, concluded from the study that behaviour as well as biochemical estimates of neurotoxicity in mice and rats was affected in the long run by the use of mephedrone and methylone.The study was able to address issues that were not covered in previous experiments adequately. The examination of the lasting effects on the monoamine levels in the brain from using the two drugs as well as on behavior pro vided a lot of insight on this issues had been overlooked by previous studies. It was because the rate at which these drugs were used was not as high as it has become in the recent past. The experiments could have taken longer to evaluate the effects exhaustively both in the behavioral as well as the biochemical tests. The investigation of this effects in the study could have therefore become clearer it was possible to confirm that similar changes would occur in humans as they exactly did in rodents. The neurochemical effects brought about by methylone should also have examined further due to the difference in sensitivity between the two species during the experiment.The results observed from the rodents used in the t...

Social Anxiety Disorder And The Speech Of The Individual (...

Introduction Stuttering is a fluency disorder that affects the speech of the individual (ASHA). Stuttering causes interferences in the speech that are signified as â€Å"disfluencies† (ASHA). These disfluencies may be presented in different ways. There may be repetitions of words, pauses, prolongation of words, and/or may include multiple â€Å"ums† in the speech (ASHA). These interruptions in speech may negatively affect the communication of individuals who stutter. Many times, the individuals is aware of what they want to say but is unable to accurately and appropriately verbalize the thought because of the symptoms of repetitions, prolongations and hindering of words (Blumgart, Tran, Craig, 2010). Social Anxiety Disorder is the most common psychological impact in people who stutter. Social anxiety disorder or social phobia is a disorder where a person feels anxiety related to social interactions. (Blumgart, Tran, Craig, 2010). Approximately 50% of people who stutter or more are known to have social anxiety disorder (Stein et al 1996). Social anxiety and phobia negatively impacts occupation, social situations, and mental health (Blumgart, Tran, Craig, 2010). People with social anxiety disorder will have feelings of trepidation about being in social interactions (Jacobs Anthony, Social anxiety support). Researchers explain that symptoms of social anxiety may include but not limited to â€Å"blushing, trembling, sweating, and speech block, and many individuals with social anxietyShow MoreRelatedPsychopathology And Permanent Hearing Loss1403 Words   |  6 Pages(Pittman, 2015). According to the American Speech-Language-Hearing Association (ASHA), approximately 1-3 children out of every 1,000 children are born with permanent hearing loss. It affects the physical ability to hear, impacts language acquisition and communication skills, and may lead to psychopathological behaviors (Barker et al. 2009; Theunissen et al. 2015; Stevenson 2010). Psychopathology i s a general term used to describe a broad range of mental disorders (Theunissen, et al. 2015). Due to theRead MoreThe Effects Of Traumatic Brain Injuries On Our Society1574 Words   |  7 Pagesprofound effect on human speech production, speech-language pathologists are needed in the both the diagnostic and rehabilitation process. In order to fully comprehend the significance of the role that speech-language pathologists play in the rehabilitation of TBI patients, the cause, diagnostic process, physiological and psychological effects, and treatment of traumatic brain injuries must be considered. Before examining the affect of traumatic brain injuries on the human speech mechanism, the etiologyRead MoreAutism Spectrum Disorder1409 Words   |  6 PagesAutistic disorder, childhood disintegrative disorder, and Pervasive Developmental Disorder- not otherwise specified (PDD-NOS) were merged into one category of ASD. This paper will explain what Autism Spectrum Disorder is, causes, signs and symptoms, diagnosis, treatments, clinical trials and what it is like living with someone with Autism (Autism Society, n.d.). What is Autism Spectrum Disorder? â€Å"Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and Autism are general terms for a group of complex disorders of brainRead MoreSpeech : Increasing Communicative Competence3821 Words   |  16 PagesLanguage is an essential component of life that drives human interaction and facilitates social connections (Brown, Davidson, Worrall Howe, 2013). Belongingness, a theory postulated by Hsieh and Tseng (2017), asserts that individuals are motivated to foster social relationships to experience a sense of connection to a social group. Studies showed that among people with aphasia (PWA), an increase in social connectedness is correlated with increased life satisfaction and overall well-being (HilariRead More Speech and Language Disorders Essay2774 Words   |  12 PagesSpeech and Language Disorders Communication is very crucial in life, especially in education. Whether it be delivering a message or receiving information, without the ability to communicate learning can be extremely difficult. Students with speech and language disorders may have â€Å"trouble producing speech sounds, using spoken language to communicate, or understanding what other people say† (Turkington, p10, 2003) Each of these problems can create major setbacks in the classroom. ArticulationRead MoreElderly Care Ministry Proposal6882 Words   |  28 Pageson aging and the impact our ministries will make: Exercise The purpose of exercise in the context of this ministry to aging adults is to assist in overall physical health and mental acuity and aid in an enjoyable time of social interaction to enhance one’s overall quality of life. Time with older adults will offer the leaders and team members an opportunity to interact and build relationships with people leading to spiritual conversations and encouragement. Research

Challenges and Opportunities of Computerized Accounting...

Challenges and Opportunities of Computerized Accounting System Ahmed Qaalib Ismail BCom BIT Reg.No: HK-MBA-01411 This Thesis submitted to Kampala University Impartial fulfillment of the requirement for the award of the Master of Business Administration Kampala University 08/04/2013 By: Ahmed Qaalib Ismail DECLARATION I, Ahmed Qaalib Ismail, declare that this research report is my original work. It has not been submitted to any other university or higher institution of learning for any award. Any other author’s work has clearly been indicated. Signature†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. Date†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ APPROVAL I certify that Mr. Ahmed Qaalib†¦show more content†¦Accounting Today | | | |10.4. Computerized Accounting | | | |10.5. Manual vs. Computerized Accounting Sys. | | | |10.6. Comparison between Manual and Computerized Accounting System | | | |10.7. 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Business Statistics Consumer Confidence

Question: Discuss about theBusiness Statisticsfor Consumer Confidence. Answer: Introduction The article selected aims to put forward the requisite retail trade related data for the first month of 2017 i..e January. Retail trade is significant as it acts as an indicator of the underlying consumer confidence and also the economic health. Additionally, the major factors that have had a major influence on the retail trade growth during the given period have also been highlighted using statistics as an enabling tool. Further, through the breakup of the various components and their respective variation, an enhanced understanding of the changes can be developed. The essay herein focuses on discussing the article from the perspective of statistics usage in terms of various techniques, data types and data presentation techniques to summarize the given data. Suggestions to bring improvement in the given article are also offered from the user perspective. Analysis The data source for the data represented in the article seems to the CBA or Commonwealth Bank of Australia as no other source has been acknowledged. Further, the data type represented in the article selected is of ratio type as all the data used exists in the form of numerical values with a clear zero being defined. Also, the key data in relation to retail trade is expressed using various graphical aids wherever possible which is supplemented by a narrative description of the key data so that to enhance the useful data available in limited space (Flick, 2015). In order to summarize the data where time series is required, a graphical approach has been preferred rightly so because it is compact and tends to represent information in a user friendly manner which allows for better understanding of the trends with regards to the individual states and also the various broad components of the retail trade. This further facilitates drawing of meaningful conclusions which would be difficult if the same is not captured in a graphical or tabular format (Eriksson Kovalainen, 2015). There is use of descriptive statistics in the article as the various description is essentially based on figures that have already been observed and based on this available data, analysis is being conducted using various statistical techniques in order to obtain the visible trends. There is no usage of inferential statistics as there is no demonstration of the actual data being used to derive any conclusions about probably a population from which the given sample may be derived. The focus of the article is to be informative and apprise the reader with the ongoing trend and simultaneously account for the influential factors responsible for the same. Based on this comments have been offered with regards to the underlying strength of association between the retail trade and relevant factors identified Thus, using descriptive statistics the retail trade data for January 2017 has been captured and in order to put this number into perspective additional data has been provided in this regar ds with reference to historical numbers to facilitate comparison and drawing reasonable conclusion (Hair et. al., 2015). There has been extensive use of variation deployed in the given article which is immensely useful for putting the data collected into perspective. This includes comparison with the corresponding retail data which was obtained in the same month i.e. January of the previous years. Infact the percentage change in retail trade is derived by computing the variation in January data with regards to the corresponding December 2026 data in the various categories. Also, by understanding the variation in the retail trade and other key variables such as consumer confidence, tourism earnings and household savings an attempt has been made in order to explore the underlying relationships. Also, measure of central tendency in terms of average has been used in the content of quoting the average growth rate over 10 years (Fehr Grossman, 2003). The article does not focus on deriving conclusive results between retail trade and the other independent variables which could have potentially demanded the us e of inferential statistics to comment on the underlying significance. However, the focus of the article is only on offering potential explanation for the current month (Hastie, Tibshirani Friedman, 2011). An improvement in terms of presentation of information could be to add some lines on the expected future trend in retail trend particularly highlighting the key variables that could be significant. Also, since the estimates are to be made over the short term only, it is quite plausible to do so with accuracy which would increase the relevance and utility for the users. Also, it would have been better if in the graph capturing goods and services, the corresponding trends in key goods could have been represented which would have enhanced the overall information available (Flick, 2015). Summary The focus of the selected article is to present the January 2017 retail data growth, however since in isolation this number would have limited utility, hence the various relevant trends have been represented so that the users can derive meaningful conclusions. In this regard, the focus is on usage of ratio data types considering the numerical values and the clear notion of zero. Further, graphical aids have been used to represent data on a time series so as to hint the various trends in not retail inflation but the trends in various states as well. The use of descriptive statistics techniques has been quite wide as all the population data is readily available and no inferences need to be drawn. The various causal relations are directed in order to explain the key factors and their impact on the retail trade which partially provides hint for the future also considering the expected changes in the same factors. Also, in relation to the data presentation, the trends of various prominent components in goods could have been added so as to communicate to the user the pivotal contributors. References Eriksson, P. Kovalainen, A. (2015).Quantitative methods in business research (3rded.). London: Sage Publications. Fehr, F. H., Grossman, G. (2003).An introduction to sets, probability and hypothesis testing (3rded.). Ohio: Heath. Flick, U. (2015).Introducing research methodology: A beginner's guide to doing a research project (4thed.). New York: Sage Publications. Hair, J. F., Wolfinbarger, M., Money, A. H., Samouel, P., Page, M. J. (2015).Essentials of business research methods (2nded.). New York: Routledge. Hastie, T., Tibshirani, R. Friedman, J. (2011).The Elements of Statistical Learning (4thed.).New York: Springer Publications.

Public sector reform in China

Introduction The public sector or rather known as the state sector is that part of the government that deals with provision of services to the public. Though the administration and type of services provided differs from country to country, the most common services provided through the public sector include; health care facilities, roads, street lighting, military and police just to mention but a few. In other words, the public sector is responsible for providing the public goods and services which all have access to despite whether they have paid tax or not.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Public sector reform in China specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The public sector of any nation has an important role to play in the political, social and economic sectors. Thus most countries are yearning to establish a sizeable public sector and China is no exception. It is for this reason that China has been seeking to make reforms in its public sector for effective government of the national resources as well as other reasons. However, the process of making public reforms in the public sector of China has not been an easy one as it has been faced with many challenges and difficulties during implementation. This paper is therefore an analysis of the process of reforming China’s public sector while looking at the challenges and difficulties faced during the implementation process. The historical narrative of public sector reforms of China For a long time now, China’s government has ventured into the process making important reforms to the public sector in a bid to achieving good governance as well as improving the performance of services of the civil society. The process of China’s public sector reforms began as early as during the Second World War. During this time, Chine was dominated by capitalist who wanted everything for themselves. There came the Neo-liberals whose ide as were to blend in the liberal political views with the sole aim of improving the economic growth. This is therefore what initiated the beginning of making reforms in the public sector so as to ensure that resources were equally distributed to the nationalities. At the same time China was undergoing severe fiscal crisis which in turn affected the economy of the country thus the economic crisis. This came about due to the great Asian crises which were more serious than the current global crisis. This is because they had a great impact on the economies of Asian countries by for example increasing the unemployment levels in that continent among other factors. The crises also had a great impact on the education and health sectors of the Asian countries, China inclusive. Since government intervention was difficult, the crises affected the poor people in the society. As a result, the government of China saw the need of making reforms in its public sector so as to ensure some of the essen tial facilities were available to the society and especially to the poor people.Advertising Looking for research paper on government? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In addition to this, China has been trying to quench its thirst for effective and efficient public sector. The government has been yearning to improve the performance of civil services as well as improving the services to the public through accountability. Despite the fact that in the recent past improvements has been made, serious changes are yet to be made on the key sectors and systems of the public sector (McMillan and Naughton 132). Another thing that influenced the need to make reforms in the public sector of China is the influence of neo-liberal ideas and consequential criticism of the Weberian based public administration. This emphasised on economic growth of china which could be effectively improved by the efficiency in the public sector. This was a two w ay, in that citizens who are happy with the government will be willing to work hard thus improving the economy growth. At the same time, reforms on the public sector would lead to cost benefit to the government thus contributing to the productivity hence economic growth of the country. Public reforms made in China Beyond the historical background of the public sector they are seen to have a very high degree of heterogeneity characterised by the following pre-reform regime (Burns 104). The public sector was neither a government department nor a state owned enterprise. It was fully owned and managed by the central government. This sector got its funds from the national budget which it used to finance all its projects. The activities of the public sector were to be conducted in accordance with the state plan The staffs of the public sector were to be controlled by the civil service personnel. The operations of the public sector were barred from the market operations. From the aforeme ntioned points, it is clearly seen that there was need for the reforms to be made on the public sector of China. Some of these reforms include; Decentralisation from central to local government This was among the initial reforms made to the public sector whereby the local government was bestowed the duty of managing and providing public services. This was meant to ensure efficiency in terms of transparency of the provision of the public goods and services unlike when under the management of central government. The breakdown of duties from the busy central government to the less occupied local government was a good move since the society benefited from the services provided equally while the government reduced the amount of resources that initially went to waste due to inefficiency.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Public sector reform in China specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Reduction of public services provided by the state As mentioned above, public goods and services are usually provided to the entire society and accessed by all despite whether they have paid taxes or not. The funds to provide these services are usually from the taxpayers’ money. Thus reducing the amount of public services to be provided by the state was a good move by China’s government as the money could be channelled towards other developmental projects. A good example was the withdrawal of free education while still providing essential services such as military and roads among others. Increasing the practise of local government of charging fees for basic services’ These services were initially free thus the government had to fund their provision. Therefore the decision to charging little fee on these services enabled the government to save while at the same time earning from the fee charged. This would therefore upgrade the economy of the country. Market sector implementation in EPZs Th e Export Processing Zones have the benefit of earning foreign exchange for the country as well as providing employment. Since provision of employment to the public is among the core functions of any public sector, China’s government plan to implement the export processing zones was one of the important reforms which benefited the society. De-collectivisation of the rural commune system The rural areas of any nation form part of the great contributors to the country’s economy. As part of its reforms in the public sector, China decided to de-collectivise the rural commune system such that it would control it towards efficiency of the whole system. These are just some of the reforms made on the public sector, however, the process is continuous with reforms being made each time there is a need for one. This is due to the rapid rate of globalization which calls for each and every government to be on the lookout before being beaten up by the global competition. Challenges Fa cing Public Sector Reforms The process of making reforms on the public sector has not been a bed of roses for the Chinese government as it has been forced to meet and overcome many challenges in the process line (Jincheng 5). To begin with is the problem of introducing the new public management service in the country. The new public management is among China’s reforms on the public sector which entails the transformation of the mode of governance in public departments.Advertising Looking for research paper on government? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More It therefore requires them to be market and enterprise oriented such that the process of administration is modernised in the country. The implementation of the new public management is a big challenge to the government of China given its difficulty in administration which is only best suited to the private products and the service demanded products that can be provided by the market. The other challenge that the Chinese government is facing as a result of the public reforms is that of protecting the civil servants from arbitrary removal. For a long time in China, the civil servants have been faced with arbitrary removal from their positions given the high rate of corruption. This is something very difficult to overcome despite the fact that the public sector reforms have catered for it. Therefore, for the public sector under the local government to protect the civil servants is a big challenge. The third challenge facing the government of China as a result of public sector reforms i s protecting their political neutrality. After the public sector reforms, the political environment in China is deemed to be neutral. This is a new development whose chances of achievement and survival are very minimal given the fact that the political environment was heterogeneous from time immemorial. This abrupt change is therefore bound to pose a great challenge to the public sector once the reforms are effectively implemented (Schiere 78). In addition to the above challenges, there is also the challenge of policing the set rules by an independent body from the government. Since the public sector is not able to pollicise all the rules on its own, it has to subcontract some of them to an independent body to help in the implementation and policing. This is a challenge as it will require financial resources from the government as well as some formal training on the processes. In some cases acquiring the right independent body is a challenge as well getting one that will efficiently pollicise the rules. Last but not least is the greatest challenge of the merit reforms of the public sector of China. The merit reform of China encompasses the merit pay systems of the public sector such as the health facilities, teachers in schools just to mention but a few. The aim of the merit system is to stimulate the enthusiasm of the workers in the public sector so that they can work efficiently and effectively. The government will face a big challenge in implementing the merit reforms as it will require supplementary funds which may not be available in the government. Therefore, the government will face the challenge of sourcing the additional funds which could be from the taxpayers or donors among others. How does it harm or benefit the Chinese citizens and government The process of reforming the public sector has both positive and negative impacts on the citizens and the government. The same case applies to China, whose reforms have resulted to benefits to the government and its citizens while at the same time causing draw-backs. If the objectives of the China reforms of the public sector are attained, then the citizens will enjoy many benefits among them being; Improved performance of the public sector- The public sector is enacted by the government to take care of the public needs. Therefore, if reforms are made regarding its governance, then it means that the Chinese citizens will have access to the essential public services such as the military at all times without instances of failure (Chen et al, 217). Accountability- This means that the funds allocated to the public sector will be well spent since the responsible officials are obliged to give an account of how the funds are spent. This will therefore reduce the cases fraudsters thus ensuring that the public services are available at all times in adequate levels. Improved Service Delivery- This was among the objectives of China’s reforms on public sector such that when achieved, the pub lic services and goods will be provided in the right way. That is to mean that the service delivery will be upgraded so that the citizens have access to them and in the correct form and quality. For example, the military will be well equipped with good ammunition to safeguard the citizens. Increased user satisfaction- After the reforms, the citizens will be satisfied with public services in accordance to their provision and efficiency of the system. This satisfaction will therefore increase the zeal of the citizens to pay taxes since they can effectively determine where their money goes to. For instance, if citizens lack services like street lighting, good infrastructure and poor military and police forces, they will not be motivated to pay taxes since their money is just being consumed by the government officials without serving the right purpose it is supposed to. The Chinese government will also benefit from the public sector reforms by first gaining trust from the citizens. Afte r the reforms, public services will be efficiently provided thus making the citizens gain a lot of trust in the responsible government since it will have efficiently managed their funds in addition to caring about the welfare of its citizens (Copenhagen 1). Other than this, the government will have an easier way of managing the public services since it will now be the duty of the local government and not the central government unlike before. This is due to the fact that the central government has a lot of operations to carry out as compared to the local government which additionally is closer to the citizens. Negative impacts of the public sector reforms It can be born witness that the reforms on the public sector have more benefits than harm on both the government and Chinese citizens. Nevertheless, the process of making the reforms is very costly to the government consuming a lot of financial and time resources. Other than this, the reforms require that the government be very effe ctive and efficient in the provision and management of the public services while taking care of the resources. This obligation poses a threat to the officials since they are accountable of any procedure and activity they carry out. As for the case of the Chinese citizens, the tax evaders will be disadvantaged as the government will be on the lookout for them so as to ensure uniformity of all citizens without oppressing other. Another demerit on the citizens is that some of the services that were initially free for them will be withdrawn making them pay for them. In other instances, they will be required to pay higher taxes so that the government can efficiently provide the public utilities to the citizens. The difficulties faced in implementation of new public sector and the possible solutions Just like most countries, China has the dream of being an all-round well off society by the year 2020. This vision is to be achieved only if the political and economical sectors of the country are up to date. This is to mean that the government should broaden their vision to think of sustainable human development instead of only concentrating on political issues. The government should also be prepared to overcoming disparities in the service delivery sector thus ensure transparency, efficiency as well as integrity. The process of achieving all these is not an easy one as there are very many difficulties that have to be overcome in order to ensure proper implementation of reforms in the public sector. The biggest difficulty that China is facing is how to ensure that the public services are adequately provided to the society. This is because the public good s and services are available to all regardless to whether they have paid taxes or not. It is therefore unfair for the tax evaders to enjoy services which they have not paid for yet their counterparts the tax payers have struggled to pay for them. This is what brings about the free-riding problem which is very difficult to overcome. Hence, the public sector has at times faced inadequate funds to cater for the provision of these essential services, thus posing a great threat for them. In other instances, the funds to provide the public service have landed in the wrong hands of fraudsters who embezzle the funds thus no services to the public (Broadman 852). Secondly is the problem on how to develop an efficient public sector one that will be characterised as a modern market economy as well as a â€Å"well-off† society. A modern economy is characterised by transparency in its dealings and effectiveness in service provision. This is difficult to achieve given the bureaucracy required in the provision of the public goods and services as well as the presence of tax defaulters. Therefore, to overcome these implementation difficulties and the many minor ones, the public sector reform should be enacted to begin with a vision which the sector should be entitled to look at and achieve. Thereafter a str ategy with implementation plans should be put in place so as to ensure efficiency in the public sector is achieved. Conclusion Given the above discussion on the public sector reform of China, it is evidenced that the decision by the Chinese government to make reforms on its public sector was a worth making decision. The historical factors that facilitated the need for reforms such as the economic and fiscal crisis, quest for efficiency and effectiveness in the public services, the post world war two neo-liberals as well as the influence of neo-liberal ideas and consequential criticism of the Weberian based public administration all have much contribution to China’ s current position. However, the road to achieving the reforms has not been an easy one for the Chinese government which has been faced with many challenges together the difficulties during implementation of the new public sector to the country. On the other hand, it has been seen that the new public sector after th e reforms has had both benefits and negative impacts on the citizens as well as the government. All in all the public reforms have changed the face of Chinese public sector thus contributing greatly to its economic growth. The question then remains, Are the reforms in the public sector permanent or prone to change? It can be argued that reforms are prone to change given the changes in globalisation and technology. Works Cited Broadman, H. The Business (es) of the Chinese State. 2001- World Economy. 24 (7). Pp.849-875. Burns, John. Public Sector reform and the state: The case of China. 2001. McGraw Hill publications. Chen, K, Jefferson, G, and Singh, I. â€Å"Lessons from China’s Economic Reform.† 1992- Journal of Comparative Economics, 16 (2). pp. 201-225. Copenhagen. â€Å"Globalization and Public Sector Reforms in India and China.† 2011. Web. Jincheng, Li. China’s Human Resources Development and Public Sector Reform  Facing Economic Globalization. 200 1. Web. McMillan, J. and Naughton, B. â€Å"How to Reform a Planned Economy: Lessons from China?†- 1992, Oxford Review of Economic Policy. 8 (1). Pp.130-143. Schiere, Richard. China’s Development Challenges. – 2009. Routledge Print. This research paper on Public sector reform in China was written and submitted by user Naomi Woodard to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

How To Translate To and From Spanish and English

How To Translate To and From Spanish and English Some of the best advice you can get when you start translating to and from English or Spanish is to translate for meaning rather than to translate words. Sometimes what you want to translate will be straightforward enough that there wont be much difference between the two approaches. But more often than not, paying attention to what someone is saying - not just the words the person is using - will pay off in doing a better job of conveying the idea that someone is trying to get across. Key Takeaways When translating from one language to another, aim for conveying the meaning rather than translating individual words.Literal translations often fall short because they can fail to take into account the context and nuances of meaning.There is often no single best translation, so two translators can legitimately differ on their word choices. Translation Raised Questions One example of an approach you might take in translating can be seen in the answer to a question that a reader raised via email about an article that used to appear on this site: When youre translating from one language to another, how do you decide which word to use? Im asking because I saw recently  that you translated llamativas as bold, but that isnt one of the words listed when I looked up that word in the dictionary. The question referred to my translation of the sentence  ¿La fà ³rmula revolucionaria para obtener pestaà ±as llamativas? (taken from a Spanish-language Maybelline mascara ad) as The revolutionary formula for getting bold eyelashes? The writer was correct was correct that dictionaries dont give bold as a possible translation, but bold at least is closer in concept to the dictionary definition of what I used in my first draft: Then I used thick, which isnt even close to any standard of llamativo. Let me explain the various philosophies of translation before discussing that particular word. In general, it can be said that there are two extreme approaches in the way one can translate from one language to another. The first is seeking a literal translation, sometimes known as formal equivalence, in which an attempt is made to translate using the words that correspond as exactly as possible in the two languages, allowing, of course, for the grammatical differences but without paying a great deal of attention to context. A second extreme is paraphrasing, sometimes called making a free or loose translation. One problem with the first approach is that literal translations can be awkward. For example, it might seem more exact to translate the Spanish obtener as to obtain, but most of the time to get will do just as well and sounds less pretentious. An obvious problem with paraphrasing is that the translator may not accurately convey the intent of the speaker, especially where precision of language is required. So many of the best translations take a middle ground, sometimes known as dynamic equivalence - trying to convey the thoughts and intent behind the original as close as possible, veering from the literal where needed to do so. When Theres No Exact Equivalent In the sentence that led to the readers question, the adjective llamativo doesnt have an exact equivalent in English. It is derived from the verb llamar (sometimes translated as to call), so broadly speaking it refers to something that calls attention to itself. Dictionaries usually provide translations such as gaudy, showy, brightly colored, flashy, and loud (as in a loud shirt). However, some of those translations have somewhat negative connotations - something certainly not intended by the writers of the ad. The others dont work well for describing eyelashes. My first translation was a paraphrase; mascara is designed to make eyelashes appear thicker and therefore more noticeable, so I went with thick. After all, in English thats a common way to describe the kind of eyelashes that Maybelline customers would want. But upon reflection, that translation seemed  inadequate. This mascara, another part of the ad pointed out, not only makes the eyelashes look thicker, but also longer a nd exageradas or exaggerated. I considered alternative ways of expressing llamativas, but attractive seemed a bit too weak for an advertisement, enhanced seemed too formal, and attention-getting seemed to convey the thought behind the Spanish word in this context but didnt seem quite right for an ad. So I went with bold. It seemed to me to do a good job of stating the purpose of the product and is also a short word with a positive connotation that might work well in an ad. (If I had wanted to go for an extremely loose interpretation, I might have tried  Whats the secret to having eyelashes people will notice?) A different translator very well might have used a different word, and there very well could be words that would work better. In fact, another reader suggested striking - a great choice. But translation is often more art than science, and that can involve judgment and creativity at least as much as it does knowing the right words.

Types of crimes Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Types of crimes - Essay Example UCR measures this crime using National Incident-Based Reporting System. Offenders of this crime include enemies of politicians and other famous personalities whereas victims of this crime include government employees, police officers, and service workers. Offenders commit this crime wherever and whenever they find some opportunity to kill. This crime is also on rise in the United States. I think that reporting system of this crime is good as news channels are doing their job perfectly in reporting these incidents. Vehicle Theft Vehicle theft refers to the act of taking another person’s vehicle without informing that person. The intention of the offender is to keep that vehicle permanently. UCR measures this crime by analyzing the number of cases reported to the police by the victims. Offenders of this crime include thieves whereas victims include any person who posses some vehicle of value. Thieves usually steal vehicles from car garages present in the houses and from streets. This crime seems to be on decline because of effective law enforcement from police and law enforcement agencies. Police reporting system and National Incident-Based Reporting System are working well for this crime so nothing needs to be changed.

Nursing Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Nursing - Case Study Example Similarly, the individual level performances of the organizational members are satisfactory enough as the employees are happy and satisfied with their jobs. They do not find any hardship during the course of action in completing their tasks. Every employee is happy and satisfied with his/her job. Employees do have decent relationship among each other. All these employees do respect each other. They do share things with each other including work related information. They also assist each other in completing their tasks. In trouble times, they get together and work on ideas and strategies to get out of those troubles. They have good communication mechanism among each other. The orders and instructions of Joe, the president, are highly respected and taken care of, in a good faith. His instructions are obeyed. The leadership skills shown by Joe are also pretty much acceptable to the subordinated working under him. He is respected, and he respects others too. He gives chances to the subor dinates to have their say. He gives and instructions and in response, he is reported by the subordinates. Group Level – No Signs at all Besides all these good things happening in the metric division, yet there is some serious lacking that can be observed quite easily. This is lack of groups and teams working in the division. There are no signs of groups or teams working together. There finds no image of project based teams. What really missing in this division is the group level that is not found anywhere in the organizational system. Overall, it looks as if every person works for himself and the organization, nobody is interested in working under a team. Teams do have their advantages and disadvantages, but their advantages are far more than their side effects. Teams normally work under a leader on certain projects within specified deadlines. They have a formal goal to achieve. That goal gives team members a sense of motivation, identity and a charm to work more and good for themselves, for their teams and ultimately for the organization. The team structure provides the synergy effect such that the efforts of all individuals working under a team are magnified to produce a better resultant in the end. More brains give more ideas and techniques of performing the tasks in a more efficient way. Thus, under the leadership of a sensible individual, team workings can bring advantages to the organization. Feedback The feedback method that should be used in this case is one on one Interview with each employee. The problem which is arising in this organization is that they are good in working at individual level and organizational level but while working as a team, there are numerous problems which they experience. They face problems especially in Group Functioning. It is essential for every organization to have such group members which coordinate and cooperate while working in teams. But in this case, coordination and willingness of participation is lacking. Af ter doing one on one interview, it is essential to take a group interview as well. In group interview, a specific number of team members must be allocated and a group discussion should be commenced in order to find what problems are arising while working as a team. At the end of the discussion, there are chances of reaching to a particular conclusion and

HCR210 record formats Essay Example for Free

HCR210 record formats Essay Source oriented medical record (SOR), is a traditional patient record format that organizes information about a patients care according to the source of documentation within the record. Patient records are filed under their specific sectionalized areas in chronological order. Many medical facilities use this format. One of the advantages is that it is easy to locate documents. For example, if a physician needs to reference a recent lab report, it can easily be found in the laboratory section of the record. Another advantage is that same source documents can be filed together. Some of the disadvantages of the SOR format is that filing reports can be time consuming, several sections within a record need to be created and it can be difficult to follow one diagnosis. The Problem oriented medical record (POR), was developed by Lawrence Weed in an effort to improve the organization of patient records. This format is a more systematic method of documentation, which consists of four components, database; problem list; initial plan and progress notes. The POR record also utilizes the SOAP structure (subjective, objective, assessment, plan). The database serves as an overview of patient information such as chief complaint, present conditions and diagnoses, social data; past, personal, medical, and social history, review of systems, physical examination and baseline laboratory data. The problem list is filed at the beginning of the patient record and serves as a table of contents, containing a list of all the patient’s problems. Each problem is numbered, which aids in indexing documentation throughout the record. The initial plan, describes what actions will be taken to learn more about the patient’s condition according to three categories, diagnostic/management and therapeutic plans as well as patient education. The discharge summary is documented in the progress note section of the POR, and summarizes patient care, treatment, response and condition. If a patient is transferred, a transfer note is also documented. Some advantages of using the POR are that it is very organized, it facilitates patient treatment and education and that all documentation is linked to specific problem. Some disadvantages are that filing this format is time consuming, it requires specific training and that all data associated with more than one problem must be documented several times. The Integrated record format arranges reports in strict chronological date order or in reverse date order. This format allows for observation of how the patient is progressing and responds to treatment based on and according to test results. Most hospitals integrate physician and ancillary progress notes only, requiring progress note entries to be clearly identified by discipline, which needs to be identified at the beginning of each progress note, (i.e. dietary). The advantages of using this format is that it is easy to use, it is less time consuming to file reports and all information on care is filed together. Some disadvantages of this format are that it is difficult to compare as well as retrieve information from the same discipline.

The Racial Struggle of Afro-Cubans Essays -- Race Ethnicity Discrimina

The Racial Struggle of Afro-Cubans Introduction Afro-Cubans struggled to no avail for racial equality between the years 1886-1912. The slaughter of protesting blacks in 1912 shows that the battle cries for equality of Antonio Maceo and Josà © Martà © during the war for independence had dissolved. What was left was a unequal Cuban society, divided racially and fearing a black revolution. Aline Helg speaks directly to this issue in her book Our Rightful Share: The Afro-Cuban Struggle for Equality, 1886-1912. The aforementioned period was one in which the nation’s formation was taking place, thus the unsuccessful attempt at equality has left difficult remnants of racial inequality buried deeply in the fabric of the nation. The Unique Cuban Situation According to Aline Helg In discussing the experience of blacks in Cuba between 1886-1912, Helg gives six "Cuban particularities" which made the experience what it was. She first mentions how Cuba’s racial construct strayed from the norm in Latin America and the Caribbean. Cuba had a two-tier racial system where the group of "others" did not differentiate between mulattoes and blacks. In the other Latin American and Caribbean societies, multi-tier racial systems existed where the stratifications were numerous. Helg suggests that the joining of all blacks and mulattoes into one group may have stemmed from the Conspiracy of La Escalera in 1844, in which both free blacks and slaves were accused of plotting an insurrection against the white Spanish domination. Helg is also quick to point out the differences between the two-tier racial system in the United States, and that of Cuba. In Cuba, the distinction is made by visible physical differences, whereas the United States racial line is... ...from el Oriente initiated everything with their rebellion. It is an important distinction to make I think, because it not only places the blame where the blame belongs, but it also highlights the idea that racial myths put Afro-Cubans in a no-win situation. The lack of further open protest after the massacre of 1912 showed the sense that more protest would only lead to more extensive repression. Similar to the punishment of slave resistance before abolition, the punishment inflicted upon the Afro-Cubans in 1912 showed the Afro-Cubans were still to be considered lesser and somehow less human (Helg 1995, p. 241). These inequalities have reached as far as today, with remnants of racial inequality easily visible in the disproportionate number of Afro-Cubans in high ranking positions in society. Afro-Cubans yearned and continue to yearn to attain their "rightful share".

Reservoir Dogs

Reservoir Dogs Postmodernism theory when related to films can be described when the audience’s delay of skepticism is shattered, in order to free the audience’s grasp of the director’s work. Small changes are made to create a significant meaning in the audience’s mind. The director has created a piece of art that removes the audience from the conventional and emotional bond to the subject, creating a new perspective.Postmodern films apply the usage of four concepts: simulation, reusing styles, typically drawing irony to the new style; pre-fabrication, drawing a closer attention to already existing scenes and using them in the films narrative or dialogue; intertextuality, using text that has already been used and finally bricolage, creating a film based on a collage of various other film styles and genres. Quentin Tarantino, the famous film director, screenwriter, producer, cinematographer and actor followed his passion from an early age. He did not watch m ovies as a child and adolescent, but he made the films a large part of his life.Tarantino, though he may deny his films to fall in the category of postmodernism, portrays various genres and styles from other movies, typically of his childhood very well. Tarantino draws upon the genres of martial arts, kung fu, grind-house, and spaghetti western films. Typically starting his films, Tarantino opens with â€Å"Our Feature Presentation† drawing immediate attention to the audience, transporting them in time to their days of childhood and adolescents. A director is an artist, Tarantino, though he recreated previous works of other artists, is one too.He adds his own twist to his films, in order to create a new, distinctive and pioneering film. Tarantino uses the concept of bricolage to fuse genres together in an original fantasy-like story with exaggerated confrontation scenes and violence. Reservoir Dogs, directed and written by Quentin Tarantino first premiered in October 1992. It is about a group of criminals who where hired for a job to retrieve diamonds from a jewelry store. Things do not go as planned during the heist and the gang thinks that there may be a police mole among the group. But who could it be? Mr. Pink, Mr. Orange, Mr.White, Mr. Brown, Mr. Blue, Mr. Blonde, Nice Guy Eddie, or even head gang leader, Joe Cabot? Strangers to one another, Joe (Lawrence Tierney) assigns each member a color code alias. The opening scene is in a diner with all gang members sitting around a table, eating breakfast, while Mr. Brown (Quentin Tarantino) explains his interpretation of Madonna’s song ‘Like a Virgin’. The men continue to discuss the importance and the meanings of popular songs, especially bringing up songs of the 1970s. Though this dialogue is rather unimportant, it shows Tarantino’s intricate eye to detail.It is ironic to see Tarantino the one explaining Madonna’s song, for it is his intention to set the stage for the au dience’s interpretation of the film. Mr. Brown explains Madonna’s sexual encounters, as she continues to remember the first time she lost her virginity and the pain she had to encounter. Tarantino intends for Reservoir Dogs to have many interpretations, and one may consider that the gang members have to be redeemed through pain and suffering. The styles that we can see throughout the film use exaggerated confrontations and violence.After the diner scene, the film continues with a â€Å"Men in Black† take of the gangsters walking towards the camera. Mr. White (Harvey Keitel) and Mr. Orange (Tim Roth) are now on pursuit away from the heist, as things did not go as planned as the cops showed up unexpectedly. Running on foot, they stop a car and the owner and driver shoots Mr. Orange in the abdomen. For the remainder of the film, Mr. Orange laid on the floor of the warehouse bleeding profusely in excruciating pain. The pain that Mr. Orange faced throughout the film is the interpretation that Tarantino had intended to compare to the suffering of Madonna.Mr. Orange (Roth) was the undercover mole that was ordered to bust the head of operation, Joe Cabot (Tierney). Aside for Tarantino’s significance of popular songs, he also used images inter-dispersed throughout the film; Silver Surfer comic and the Get Christie Love! TV show. These are a few examples of how Reservoir Dogs falls into the category of being a postmodern film through the usage of image and text, posing as in intricate part to media and society. Reservoir Dogs, a postmodern film, includes the usage of criminals falling; indicating a crime and gangster movie.It also uses the formula of a western movie. Though, usually in a traditional western there is one individual who upholds law and order, Tarantino put a spin on western genres when including the style throughout his films. Reservoir Dogs use of western is slightly different, instead of one individual; there is a group of me n who try to restore order that has spun out of control to arrange a logical explanation and conclusion of who the possible informant might be. Tarantino is specific about his films, he does not intend for them to represent real life, but rather mimic other movies.In Reservoir Dogs initial scene, the men are sitting in the diner, a very similar scene to Woody Allen’s film Hannah and Her Sisters (1986) when they are sitting in a restaurant. Woody’s film is considered to be a romantic comedy drama, where Tarantino, though not considering Woody when creating the scene, did not create a romantic comedy drama film, but rather a film that fell into the category of crime, mystery and thriller. Quentin Tarantino pulls from previous artists, not only text and images, but also styles, such as cinematography. In Reservoir Dogs, Tarantino uses extreme conflict and intense violent scenes.Aside from the acting, Tarantino creates a character, Mr. Pink (Steve Buscemi), who is constant ly reminding the team that he is acting professional, while everyone else is fighting and not thinking of the future affects of their actions. Mr. Pink aside from being a â€Å"better† criminal, draws upon the belief that if you are not wearing a uniform you therefore fall into the â€Å"real person† category. Tarantino, throughout all his films, Reservoir Dogs, Pulp Fiction (1996) and Kill Bill (2003; 2004) the assassins, criminals, and law enforcements are all distinguished by their uniforms.Those who are â€Å"real people† wear real, daily, regular clothing, nothing that is out of the ordinary. The gang members who work for Joe Cabot are all dressed in the classic black suits with white button down dress shirts and thin black ties. The cops are wearing the typical blue uniform. It is interesting to notice that Joe and his son, though apart of the gang operation do not wear the â€Å"uniform†. The majority of Reservoir Dogs takes place in the dingy ware house, where no gangster becomes a â€Å"real person†; they do not undress from their uniforms, therefore staying as a gangster.Though they do not succeed in becoming real people, they are redeemed of being a gangster through death, unlike Mr. Pink who runs out after they go on a â€Å"trigger happy frenzy† shooting one another. The idea of the members, including the cop that was taken hostage is a similar idea to William Shakespeare, who was considered an outstanding poet and playwright during the 16th century. Typically, at the end of the plays, Shakespeare would conclude that the characters all be killed. Tarantino, a rather outstanding director and writer, pulls from these great artists to create an even greater piece of work.Quentin Tarantino, considered a postmodern filmmaker, uses references to earlier films. He blends genres from A-Z. In Reservoir Dogs, he uses many references from the French new wave directors, who were highly influential to his Production Com pany as well as his work. Francois Truffaut and Jean-Luc Godard were influential; he named his production company â€Å"A Band Apart†. In Reservoir Dogs, Tarantino named the jewelry store â€Å"Karina’s† after Anna Karina, star from Bande apart (Band of Outsiders, 1964).Postmodernism is a concept that pulls from many genres, and it is Reservoir Dogs that Quentin Tarantino first begins his voyage as an up and coming director to use this style of creativity and expression. Today, we entertain ourselves with concerts, movie theater, broadways, radio, and television. It is these social medias that people like Quentin Tarantino create for our enjoyment. Pulling on our childhood memories, familiarity, comfort, and most importantly clues to other important images of our past, bring a deeper appreciation to the work and creativity that has been produced.

Should We Undergo Plastic Surgery - 1489 Words

Some young women have even taken more drastic measures by turning to plastic surgery to alter their appearance. However, unlike makeup, plastic surgery is definitely something that can be taken too far since it is permanent. Women should not have to feel the need to undergo plastic surgery at all: unless it is for reconstructive purposes. Sadly, last year alone, facial plastic surgeons recorded 64% of their patients under the age of 30 had undergone cosmetic surgery or injectable treatments (Matthews, 2016, para. 8). Some surgeons, including Matthews, have credited this increase in cosmetic procedures to the â€Å"Kardashian Effect† or â€Å"Selfie Mania†. Thus, demonstrating how powerful social media’s influence is on a woman’s decision to undergo†¦show more content†¦Images on social media seem to be flawless and perfect, however, most of the images out there are distorted, Figure 3 shows how Photoshop can be used to turn a regular sized womanâ €™s body into the body of a coveted supermodel. These unrealistic expectations are what push consumers to turn towards excessive or extreme cosmetic surgery. The fact is, there is no guarantee when it comes to plastic surgery. There are risks such as infection, nerve damage, swelling, and even scarring. Furthermore, some cosmetic surgeons even tell some of their patients upfront about not bringing in pictures of famous celebrities that they want to emulate, because the results might not be what they pictured (Matthews, 2015, para. 11). These toxic ideas are slowly being diffused into our culture through all sorts of mediums. One study analyzed the amount of advertisements about weight and dieting in women’s magazines, and shockingly it contained ten times more advertisements than the magazines read by men. At the end of the century, the study found that about 85% of those who suffered from eating disorders were women (Chapman, 2011, p.7). It has been proven time and time again that human beings are affected by what they see. The media feeds on low-self esteem and addictive behavior to keep their industry afloat. For instance, the media has labeled Caucasian women as the ideal standard of